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Homepage > News > Corporate news

OTA赋能,汽车远程诊断进入智能化时代

  • 科络达市场部
  • 2021-01-08

提到OTA在汽车上的应用,相信很多人的第一反应都是像特斯拉那样持续给车辆增加新功能。其实不仅仅如此,作为智能汽车的基础能力之一,OTA除了赋予汽车“时用时新”的驾乘体验,还可以用于对车辆故障进行诊断及修复,在全生命周期内保障车辆安全。 科络达基于“OTA+远程诊断”的汽车安全防护解决方案,可以为车企提供全面的解决方案包,包括远程监控、诊断、预警功能、数据分析和OTA更新等,在故障发生之前,就对潜在的风险进行监测,并在后期通过OTA升级来修复和更新系统问题。

 

 

由被动变主动,OTA为远程诊断提供新思路

 

自2012年特斯拉率先在Model S上搭载OTA技术,用于对人机交互、动力、电池等系统进行更新升级,经过数年的发展,OTA已然成了智能汽车的一项基本配置。放眼市场,当前越来越多的车企开始将OTA当做提升产品力的关键在新车上广泛搭载。

据相关统计数据显示,2018年中国汽车OTA装配量仅为239万辆,装配率为11.8%,2019年就增加到了383.8万辆,同比增长60.6%,同时装配率提高至19%。未来随着汽车智能化、网联化变革的深入推进,预计汽车OTA的装配量仍有望继续保持增长,到2025年,中国汽车OTA装配量或将达到1800万辆。

OTA在汽车领域快速走热的原因,尤为关键的一点是赋予了汽车“生长”的能力。比如凭借SOTA软件更新,车企可以持续对车载娱乐、导航等应用软件进行升级,从而给消费者带来直观的使用感受提升。而FOTA固件升级在赋能车辆性能提升方面可发挥的空间更大,不仅可以对空调、底盘、动力、ADAS等系统的电子控制元件ECU升级,提升车辆的性能表现,还能够实现漏洞远程修复,大大提升故障的诊断及处理效率,减少车企和车主的售后成本。

以特斯拉为例,早在2013年特斯拉就尝试了通过OTA调整车辆避震系统设置来提升驾乘安全。此后几年里,特斯拉又先后利用OTA对车辆的钥匙卡漏洞、刹车灯故障、电池组缺陷、信息娱乐系统故障、软件安全漏洞等进行修复,为车企在售后维保方面降本增效提供了一种新思路。

不过,与特斯拉往往是在系统出现漏洞后才利用OTA进行修复不同,据科络达车用OTA营销副总裁周逸政(Jacky Chou)介绍,科络达的车载智能远程诊断解决方案还可以进行事前防范。“我们的OTA远程诊断可以在车辆刚刚出厂或者车主有驾驶行为时,就通过对相关参数的监测及时发现问题,或者对潜在的风险进行预判,进而帮助整车厂制定有效的应对策略,并实施远程修复,更像是一种主动防护。” 周逸政表示。

 

传统诊断和智能远程诊断的区别

 

在传统的诊断方案中,当汽车零部件出现问题时,UDS协议会将故障信息保存至内存中,由维修人员通过通信总线读取故障信息。其特征为,诊断地点受限;需有线操作;待车辆发生事故返厂后才能处理,需时数天不等;诊断内容仅限DTC故障诊断代码;其获取到的数据也仅为事件已发生的DTC相关信息,属于落后指标。

而相较于传统的诊断方案,科络达的远程诊断技术使诊断由被动变为主动,能够随时或者定期对车辆进行远程诊断,并远程修复故障(借助OTA技术)。主动是该诊断技术的最大特点。当用户发现车辆有任何异常状况时,可以通过语音方式存到后台。而针对车辆异常,后台会马上通过语音或HE的方式给予反馈,在第一时间让车主安心。同时在后台的辅助下,车主将很清楚地知道车辆可能发生的一些问题,整车厂也将对车辆状况有更详尽的了解,为后续修理争取更多的时间。

另外,过去检查车辆故障时,通常需在固定地点通过有线接入的方式来实现,并且只能对DTC故障诊断代码进行诊断,一旦发现问题只有去4S店甚至返厂才能得到处理。而智能远程诊断,在任何时间、任何地点都可以实施——只要能连上网,且无论是DTC故障诊断码、行车状态,还是系统负载、异常事件数据都可以诊断,不仅高效,还能大大节省维修成本。

“比如针对智能座舱系统的黑屏、闪退、卡顿或者CPU效能不足等问题,以及车身系统和ADAS相关故障,OTA远程诊断都可以进行检测和设定,一旦发现问题,系统立刻就可以通知车主或整车厂,从而让车厂在必要的时候对故障进行修复或者实施召回。” 周逸政指出。这也就意味着,除了车载娱乐、自动驾驶软件包等SOTA升级,科络达还可以在ADAS、自动驾驶、电池管理、智能座舱、动力系统、制动系统等方面为车企提供FOTA支持。

正因为如此,目前越来越多的整车厂都在积极构建基于OTA的远程诊断能力,比如上汽大众、一汽-大众、丰田、长城、吉利、奇瑞、东风柳汽等,都与科络达建立了紧密的合作关系。如果加上在其他领域的合作伙伴,目前科络达合作的企业超过200家,累计对3.2亿设备进行过OTA升级,可谓万物互联时代智能终端设备重要的赋能者之一。

 

从事前到事后,全生命周期赋能驾乘安全

 

在汽车领域远程诊断并不是一项新技术,但科络达的解决方案亮眼之处在于无论是故障发生前、发生时还是发生后,都可以为客户提供专业的OTA整车升级与智能远程诊断解决方案,在全生命周期内保证驾乘安全。

具体来看,科络达的远程诊断解决方案主要由四个部分组成:Remote Diagnostic+VSOC+LM OS+OTA Solution。其中Remote Diagnostic远程诊断主要是通过监测效能参数loading、Process运作状态、UDS诊断协议、故障警告参数等,搭配端边缘计算与平台诊断交互,协助车厂发掘系统异常。该系统与VSOC在上市前就会被植入车辆内部,用于提前预测即将发生的故障。

 

科络达车载远程诊断解决方案

 

“依据设定好的数据警示、行为触发、异常状态累计判断等条件,在IVI脚本分析中,系统可以通过持续收集通讯网络、应用程序、硬件效能、使用操作记录、系统程序等状态信息,分析判断车辆当前状态,防患于未然。至于究竟发生几次异常,会被视为需要立即处理,这类警示设定条件我们会和车企进行深度沟通。需要指出的是,由于远程诊断涉及到大量的数据收集,指出该平台会架设在整车厂,一旦系统检测到ECU缺陷,会立即提供缺陷报告和故障快照给整车厂,让车企或者技术提供商第一时间做出反应,更早一步发现问题。” 科络达CTO章鑫杰(Jacky Zhang)表示。

VSOC则是提供联网安全防护,包括入侵侦测、下发虚拟补丁、异常侦测、弱点扫描、漏洞警告等。通过与趋势科技的合作,科络达拥有庞大的安全数据库,如果发现异常访问,可以迅速通知车企做好应对。

而LM OS主控中心,主要用于对前两个系统里收集的数据进行分析,给车企下一步的行动提供决策依据,辅助制定OTA对策。这个阶段很关键的一点是对后台数据进行分类整理和预测评估,比如如何根据DTC排名和发生趋势等发掘诊断趋势,透过车型、车龄、地区与常见问题交错分析等掌握车辆状态,让这些数据成为未来一个很重要的参考依据。据悉,为此科络达专门打造了可客制化的服务平台,可供车企进行多元化的数据收集,同时串接第三方资源。

之后,就可以通过科络达的OTA更新技术,将新版本的软件、固件更新到各设备端,实现深层分析、智能预警、远程优化的效果。在科络达看来,这整个过程是可以不断循环的,即从监测预警分析到远程更新,以不断为车辆与设备注入更优化的功能与体验。

 

科络达远程诊断的优势

 

科络达远程诊断解决方案对车辆状态的持续监测还有助于车企进行客户剖析。比如通过收集用户的功能使用热区数据,可以了解用户的使用偏好,让车企在开发智能座舱应用时更加尽善尽美。通过收集用户的驾驶行为数据,特别是发生异常的频率,则可以进一步分析出在什么样的驾驶行为下,某些部件和ECU更容易出现问题,如此一来就可以针对特殊驾驶人的特殊驾驶行为进行更有效的防范,或者在未来一些车型上的设计上,为特定的族群进行有针对性的设计推荐。从这一点上来讲,OTA远程诊断带给车企的意义除了全生命周期的安全防护,还可以促进车企市场策略的优化,更好地实施产品定位。

值得一提的是,目前政策层面对OTA在汽车领域的应用也给予了肯定和支持。11月底,市场监管总局办公厅发布关于进一步加强OTA技术召回监管的通知,其中从多个层面对OTA在汽车召回中的应用进行了规范。在该政策的指引下,预计未来将会有更多的车企选择以OTA的方式处理车辆故障。

 

 

“汽车OTA的核心需求是安全和稳定,这方面科络达建立了业内领先的OTA自动化压力测试体系。我们和国内外多家安全公司合作,对OTA解决方案持续进行安全渗透实验,发现和改进潜在的安全风险。同时公司投入大量资源进行汽车远程智能诊断的研发和落地,先于用户发现可能的问题,把OTA从‘治病’到‘未病先防’。”科络达CEO吴柏仪( Paul Wu)强调。

另外,针对新出台的政策,Paul讲到:“科络达将加强安全保护机制与开发流程,将评估导入国际认证、向主机厂倡导OTA升级法规要求、加强信息安全建设,提升预防不正当远程操作机率。另外,科络达未来将继续从云扩展及储存、管道的顺畅与安全、终端及车内安全中心、车联数据及业务中台和行业发展分析平台等多个方面发力,完善生态系统,继续扮演好智能汽车的‘赋能者’角色。”

 

 

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